The Good Samaritan attracted both allegorical and ethical readings in the early Church. Origen and then Augustine read the Samaritan as Christ himself rescuing fallen humanity — the inn as the Church, the two coins as the two sacraments — a cosmic redemption drama. But Chrysostom, equally influential, emphasized the ethical core: loving enemies and those who wrong you, "if thou lovest for Christ's sake," so that even hostility becomes an occasion for greater love. Both readings coexisted: the allegorical tradition shaped Christian art and preaching; the ethical tradition shaped Christian charity.
"When honored he insults? that receiving benefits he was minded to slay thee? But even this works upon thee to love more, if thou lovest for Christ's sake. For what things are in the rest subversive of love, these here become apt to produce it." — Chrysostom's ethical reading: the parable demands love across boundaries and even hostility, rooted in love for Christ rather than worthiness of the recipient.
Refines and popularizes Origen's allegorical interpretation — Augustine's version became the dominant medieval reading, shaping how preachers and theologians understood the parable for centuries.
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